The painting depicts the dramatic and tense scene of the Massacre of the Innocents – the mass murder of children ordered by King Herod in the Bible. Rubens shows the chaos, terror, and brutality of the event through dynamic poses and contrasts of light. The composition is full of expressive movement and strong emotions, typical features of the Baroque.

Portrait of the Creator

  • Artist

    Peter Paul Rubens

  • Date of birth and death

    28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640

  • Natinality

    Flemish

  • Style

    Flemish Baroque painting, dynamic compositions, vivid coloring, sensuous forms

  • Significant works

    The Raising of the Cross, The Descent from the Cross, The Night Watch, The Fall of Man, Marie de’ Medici cycle, The Three Graces

Information about the work

  • Year:

    1637

  • Execution technique:

    oil on panel

  • Location:

    Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany

  • Theme:

    Baroque, religious painting, biblical scene, drama, suffering, violence

Internal Narrative and Creative Framework

  • Inner Narrative

    The work emphasizes the defenselessness and tragedy of the children and the desperation of mothers, showing the struggle for life in the face of cruel violence. The symbolism of light and shadow enhances the drama, and the dynamic compositions convey the chaos of the scene.

The key to interpreting the work

The interpretation should include the biblical context, Baroque dramatic expression and emotional tension, as well as an analysis of the composition and use of light as a narrative device.

See other works by this artist

Democritus

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1603
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Equestrian Portrait of the Duke of Lerma

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1603
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The Baptism of Christ

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1605
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Portrait of Gaspard Schoppins

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1604-1605
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Hero and Leander

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1604-1605
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The Circumcision of Christ

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1605
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The Fall of Phaeton

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1604-1605
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Samson and Delilah

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1609-1610
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The Elevation of the Cross

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1610
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Descent from the Cross - triptych

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1612-1614
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Hippopotamus and Crocodile Hunt

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1615-1616
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Abduction of the Daughters of Leucippus

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1618
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The Judgment of Paris

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1636
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Adam and Eve

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1597
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The Battle of the Amazons

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1600
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Leda and the Swan

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1598-1600
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Laocoon and His Sons

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1601
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Portrait of a man

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1602
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Aeneas And His Family Departing From Troy

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1602-1603
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Charles V in Armour

  • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens
  • Year: 1603
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